Frequently Asked Questions
Ovulation is the process by which a mature ovum or egg is released from a female’s ovary and becomes available for fertilisation. It typically occurs once a month, halfway through the menstrual cycle. Ovulation is a crucial event in the reproductive process and is necessary for pregnancy to occur.
Ovulation disorders refer to conditions that interfere with or prevent the regular release of eggs from the ovaries. These disorders include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hypothalamic dysfunction. Ovulation disorders can result in irregular (oligoovulation) or absence of ovulation (anovulation), making it difficult for females to conceive naturally. Ovulation disorders can also lead to menstrual irregularities, mood changes, or sudden weight changes.
Ovulation disorders can arise from various causes, including hormonal imbalances, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, and premature ovarian failure. Other factors that can contribute to ovulation disorders include excessive exercise, extreme weight loss or gain, certain medications, pituitary gland abnormalities, and chronic illnesses. Identifying the underlying cause of ovulation disorders is crucial for developing targeted treatment strategies to restore ovulatory function and improve fertility.
The primary symptom of ovulation disorders is irregular or absence of menstrual cycles. Women with ovulation disorders may also experience other symptoms, such as excessive hair growth, hot flashes, acne, weight gain or loss, vaginal dryness, and difficulty getting pregnant. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, seek guidance from a healthcare professional for an appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
A healthcare provider may conduct a physical analysis and ask about your medical history to diagnose ovulation disorders. They may also prescribe other blood tests to measure levels of essential reproductive hormones and an ultrasound to evaluate the condition of the ovaries. Tracking your menstrual cycles and monitoring basal body temperature can also help identify ovulation patterns. Additional tests, like thyroid function tests or pelvic laparoscopy, may help identify underlying conditions contributing to ovulation disorders.
Treatment of ovulation disorder aims to restore regular ovulatory function and improve fertility. The treatment options for ovulation disorders depend on the underlying cause and the individual’s fertility goals. Lifestyle changes can help regulate ovulation. These include managing a healthy weight, balancing exercise regimen, and reducing stress. Doctors may also prescribe medications to stimulate ovulation. In more severe cases, assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may be recommended.
Tubal disorders refer to conditions that affect the fallopian tubes, which carry the ovum or eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. Tubal disorders can include inflammation, blockages, or scarring of the fallopian tubes, which can intervene with the fertilisation of the egg and prevent pregnancy.
Tubal disorders can significantly impact fertility. If the fallopian tubes are obstructed or damaged, it can hinder the sperm from reaching the egg and prevent the fertilisation process. Additionally, tubal disorders can increase the possibility of ectopic pregnancy, where the fertilised ovum implants outside of the uterus.
Various factors can lead to the development of tubal disorders, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), caused by sexually transmitted infections. Other causes of tubal disorders include previous pelvic surgeries like appendectomies or surgeries for ectopic pregnancies, endometriosis, adhesions due to abdominal or pelvic surgeries, and certain genetic conditions. These conditions can lead to blockages, scarring, or damage to the fallopian tubes, hindering fertility.
Tubal disorders may not have any noticeable symptoms, especially in the early stages. However, some women may experience pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, and irregular menstrual cycles. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, consulting a fertility professional for a proper diagnosis is crucial.
A healthcare professional asks about your medical history and may perform a physical examination to diagnose tubal disorders. They may also order imaging tests, such as a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or a laparoscopy, to evaluate the condition of the fallopian tubes and identify any abnormalities. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) involves injecting a dye into the uterus and taking X-rays to visualise the fallopian tubes, which can detect blockages or abnormalities. Transvaginal ultrasound may also reveal tubal issues, such as fluid accumulation in the tubes. Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgical procedure, allows direct visualisation of the fallopian tubes and can identify blockages, scarring, or other abnormalities. These diagnostic methods help fertility specialists determine the extent and nature of tubal disorders to guide appropriate treatment decisions.
The treatment options for tubal disorders depend on the severity of the condition and the person’s fertility goals. In some cases, healthcare professionals may recommend surgery to repair or remove any blockages or scar tissue in the fallopian tubes. In more severe cases, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) may be recommended, where the eggs are fertilised outside the body and then transferred to the uterus.
Unexplained infertility is regarded as the absence of a clear cause for a couple’s infertility after a thorough evaluation. Despite extensive tests and examinations, no identifiable issues with sperm count, fallopian tubes, or ovulation are found. Unexplained infertility can be frustrating, but various treatment modalities are available to help couples achieve pregnancy.
The causes of unexplained infertility remain unknown despite extensive testing. However, certain factors, including subtle hormonal imbalances, egg quality issues, sperm function abnormalities, or genetic factors, may contribute to this condition. Psychological stress and lifestyle factors can also play a role.
Unexplained infertility is more common than many people realise, accounting for a significant percentage of infertility cases. It can be a frustrating diagnosis, but it’s important to remember that effective treatments are available, and many couples with unexplained infertility can conceive with medical assistance.
To diagnose unexplained infertility, fertility professionals may conduct a comprehensive analysis, which may include a detailed medical history, physical examination, hormone testing, semen analysis, and imaging studies such as hysterosalpingography (HSG) or ultrasound. They may also recommend additional specialised tests based on individual circumstances.
Couples facing unexplained infertility have several treatment options available. These can include ovulation induction with medication, IUI, or more advanced techniques like IVF. In some cases, healthcare professionals may recommend additional procedures like intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) or preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to maximise chances of success.
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous outgrowths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. They can vary in number and size and are common among women of reproductive age. Fibroids are composed of smooth muscle tissue and fibrous connective tissue. Symptoms can include heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure, frequent urination, and reproductive issues. While most fibroids do not cause fertility problems, certain factors, such as their location and size, can interfere with conception. At Ferty9 Fertility Centre, our experienced reproductive specialists can evaluate the impact of uterine fibroids on fertility and recommend appropriate treatment options.
Uterine fibroids can negatively affect fertility in several ways. Large fibroids can deform the shape of the uterus, making it challenging for a fertilised egg to implant. Fibroids can also obstruct the fallopian tubes or disrupt the normal movement of sperm, hindering fertilisation. Additionally, fibroids can cause heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, which can lead to anaemia and decrease the chances of conception. At Ferty9 Fertility Centre, our team of experts will assess the impact of uterine fibroids on your fertility and develop a personalised treatment plan.
The exact reason for uterine fibroids is still unidentified, but several factors contribute to their development. Hormonal fluctuations, specifically an excess of estrogen, can promote the growth of fibroids. Genetic factors, family history, and certain lifestyle factors, such as obesity and a sedentary lifestyle, may also increase the risk. At Ferty9 Fertility Centre, we aim to identify the underlying causes of uterine fibroids to provide effective treatment modalities tailored to your specific needs.
Uterine fibroids can present with various symptoms, including heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, pelvic pain or pressure, lower back pain, frequent urination, and difficulty emptying the bladder. Some females may also experience pain during sexual intercourse or have an enlarged abdomen. However, not all women with fibroids experience symptoms. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is essential to consult with our experts at Ferty9 Fertility Centre for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
At Ferty9 Fertility Centre, we use advanced diagnostic techniques to diagnose uterine fibroids accurately. These may include a pelvic ultrasound, hysteroscopy, or MRI. A pelvic ultrasound can provide detailed images of the uterus and help identify the presence, size, and location of uterine fibroids. Hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin catheter with a camera and a light source into the uterus to visualise any abnormalities. MRI scans can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the fibroids and their impact on fertility.
The treatment options for uterine fibroids depend on various factors, including the size, number, and position of the fibroids and your fertility goals. At Ferty9 Fertility Centre, we offer a range of treatment options, including medication to manage symptoms and shrink the fibroids, minimally invasive procedures such as uterine artery embolisation or MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery, and surgical removal of the fibroids. Our dedicated team will work with you to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your individual needs.
Yes, IVF pregnancies have a slightly higher chance of preterm delivery compared to natural pregnancies. However, this is primarily due to factors associated with IVF rather than the procedure itself:
- Higher likelihood of multiple pregnancies (twins or triplets)
- Advanced maternal age in many IVF patients
- Underlying fertility conditions
When these risk factors are controlled for, particularly in singleton (single baby) pregnancies, the preterm birth rates for IVF pregnancies are much closer to those of natural pregnancies.
No, IVF pregnancies do not automatically require induction. Labor induction is only recommended based on standard medical reasons, just like in any other pregnancy. The decision depends on factors such as:
- Gestational age and baby’s readiness
- Maternal health conditions
- Fetal well-being
- Standard obstetric guidelines
Many IVF pregnancies proceed to natural labor and delivery without any need for induction.
